Ahlul Bayt (سلام الله عليه)
وَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلاَ تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ ٱلْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ٱلأُولَىٰ وَأَقِمْنَ ٱلصَّلاَةَ وَآتِينَ ٱلزَّكَـاةَ وَأَطِعْنَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ ٱلرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ ٱلْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيـراً
Translation: And stay quietly in your houses, and make not a dazzling display, like that of the former Times of Ignorance; and establish regular Prayer, and give regular Charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family, and to make you pure and spotless. (Quran-33:33)
In Light of Quran
The Wives of the Prophet are Members of His Household (Ahl Al-Bayt)
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــراً
Translation: Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification[33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: This is a clear statement that the wives of the Prophet are included among the members of his family (Ahl Al-Bayt) here, because they are the reason why this Ayah was revealed,and the scholars are unanimously agreed that they were the reason for revelation in this case, whether this was the only reason for revelation or there was also another reason, which is the correct view. Ibn Jarir recorded that `Ikrimah used to call out in the marketplace
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــراً
Translation:Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification[Quran-33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: "This was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet.'' Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said concerning the Ayah
The Family of Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا) is the Ahl-ul-bait (People of the House)
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
Translation: Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family [Quran-33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: "It was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet .'' `Ikrimah said: "Whoever disagrees with me that it was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet , I am prepared to meet with him and pray and invoke the curse of Allah upon those who are lying.'' So they alone were the reason for revelation, but others may be included by way of generalization. Ibn Jarir narrated that Safiyyah bint Shaybah said: "`A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, `The Prophet went out one morning wearing a striped cloak of black camel's hair. Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him. Then Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him. Then Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, came and he wrapped her in the cloak with him. Then `Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him, then he said:
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــر
Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification.) This was recorded by Muslim.
Imam Jalal ud din Suyuti (rah): writes in his magnificent Tafsir Dur ul Munthur
وأخرج ابن أبي حاتم وابن عساكر من طريق عكرمة رضي الله عنه عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما في قوله { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس، أهل البيت } قال: نزلت في نساء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
Translation: Imam Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Asakir narrate from the route of Akrama (ra) who narrated from Ibn Abbas (ra) that {Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family} was revealed regarding the blessed wives of Prophet (Peace be upon him) [Tafsir Dur ul Munthur, Volume No. 5, Page No. 562]
Imam Suyuti (rah) further quotes this hadith:
وأخرج ابن سعد عن عروة رضي الله عنه { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت } قال: يعني أزواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نزلت في بيت عائشة رضي الله عنها
Translation: Imam Ibn S’ad (ra) narrates from Urwa (ra) who said: Ahlul Bayt refers to wives of Prophet (Peace be upon him). This verse was revealed regarding Hadrat Aisha (ra)
How it specifically refers to blood relatives of Prophet (i.e. Imam Ali, Fatima, Hassan and Hussain – Ridhwan Allaho Ajmain)
Imam Suyuti narrates:
وأخرج الترمذي وصححه وابن جرير وابن المنذر والحاكم وصححه وابن مردويه والبيهقي في سننه من طرق عن أم سلمة رضي الله عنها قالت:
في بيتي نزلت { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت } وفي البيت فاطمة، وعلي، والحسن، والحسين. فجللهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بكساء كان عليه، ثم قال " هؤلاء أهل بيتي فاذهب عنهم الرجس، وطهرهم تطهيراً "
Translation: It is narrated by Imam Tirimdhi and he declared it “SAHIH”.. Imam Ibn Jarir, Ibn Mundhir and Imam Hakim who also declared it “SAHIH” plus Imam Ibn Murduya and Baihaqi in his Sunnan narrate from the route of Umm Salama (ra) who said:
This ayah was revealed in my house when in the house were present Fatima, Ali, Hassan and Hussain (Ridhwan Allaho Ajmain). The Prophet (Peace be upon him) covered them in his own cloak and then said: (O Allah) these are my Ahlul Bayt, remove all abomination from them and make them pure and spotless [Tafsir Dur ul Munthur, Volume No. 5, Page No. 563]
وأخرج ابن جرير وابن أبي حاتم والطبراني عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " نزلت هذه الآية في خمسة: فيّ، وفي علي، وفاطمة، وحسن، وحسين، { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيراً } ".
Translation: Imam Ibn Jarir, Ibn Abi Hatim and Imam Tabarani narrate from Hadrat Abu Sa’id al Khudri (ra) who narrates from the Prophet (Peace be upon him) who said: This ayah is revealed about 5 personalities (1) Myself (2) Ali (3) Fatima (4) Hassan and (5) Hussain (Allah’s Peace and blessings be upon them all)
In Light of Hadith
The Family of Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا) is the Ahl-ul-bait (People of the House)
Hadith #1
عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يمر بباب فاطمة ستة أشهر إذا خرج إلى
صلاة الفجر، يقول: الصلاة! يا أهل البيت: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا
Ans bin Malik (RA) narrates that when the Holy Prophet (SAW) used to come out for Fajr (dawn) prayer, as he passed the door of Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), he used to say, “O ‘people of the house’, perform your prayer” and then he used to recite the following verse from the Holy Quran: “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house’! (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:352#3206)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (3:259,285)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:761#1340, 1341)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musnnaf (6:388#32272)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:360#2953)
►Abd bin Humaid, al-Musnad (p.367#1223)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:172#4748)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (3:56#2671)
►Bukhari related it from Abul Hamra in al-Kuna (p.25# 205). In the tradition this routine of the Prophet (A) was carried out for a period of nine months.
►Abd bin Humayd has related the same tradition from Bukhari in al-Musnad (p.173# 475).
[al-Ahzab 33:33] (he did this) for six months.
Hadith #2
عن صفية بنت شيبة، قالت: قالت عائشة رضي الله عنها: خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غداة وعليه مرط مرحل
من شعر أسود. فجاء الحسن بن علي فأدخله، ثم جاء الحسين فدخل معه ثم جاءت فاطمة رضي الله عنها فأدخلها، ثم
جاء علي فأدخله، ثم قال: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا
Safiyyah the daughter of Shaybah narrates that Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) said, “The Holy Prophet (SAW) came out one morning wearing a cloak which had camel saddles woven on to it with black wool. Then Hasan bin Ali (RA) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) took him under the cloak, then Husain (RA) came and entered beneath it with the Holy Prophet (SAW). Then Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) took her under the cloak. Next Ali(كرم الله وجهه) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) also included him beneath it. Then the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) recited the verse, ‘Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house!’ (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,’ (al-Ahzab 33:33).”
References
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1883#2424)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:370#36102)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:672#1149)
►Ibn Rahawayh, al-Musnad (3:678#1271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:159#4705)
►Bayhaqi, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (2:149)
►Tabari, Jami-ul-bayan fi tafsir al-Quran (22:6,7)
►Baghawi, Maalim-ut-tanzil (3:529)
►Ibn Kathir, Tafsir-ul-Quran al-azim (3:485)
►Suyuti, ad-Durr-ul-manthur fit-tafsir-bil-mathur (6:605)
Hadith #3
عن عمر بن أبي سلمة ربيب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لما نزلت هذه الآية على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
(إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا) في بيت أم سلمة، فدعا فاطمة و حسنا و حسينا
رضي الله عنهم فجللهم بكساء وعلي خلف ظهره فجلله بكساء، ثم قال: اللهم! هؤلاء أهل بيتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس
وطهرهم تطهيرا
Umar bin Abi Salamah (RA) who was brought up by the Prophet (SAW) narrates that when the verse, “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house!’ (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,” (al-Ahzab 33:33), was revealed to the Holy Prophet (SAW) at the home of Umm Salamah (رضي الله عنها), he (SAW) called Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) and covered them with a cloak. Ali(كرم الله وجهه) was behind him (SAW), the Holy Prophet (SAW) also covered him under the same cloak and then said, “Oh Allah! These are my ahl-ul-bait (‘people of the house’) so keep impurity away from them and totally purify them.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:351,663#3205,3787)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (6:292)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:587#994)
►Bayhaqi related it with slightly different words in as-sunan-ul-kubra (2:150).
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (2:451#3558)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:158#4705)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (3:54#2662)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (9:25#8295)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-awsat (4:134#3799)
►Baihaqi, al-Itiqad (p.327)
Hadith #4
عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه في قوله: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ) قال: نزلت في خمسة: في رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم و علي و فاطمة و الحسن و الحسين رضى الله عنهم
Abu Saeed Khudri (RA) has said about the verse, “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house’!…”, that it was revealed in honour of the following five personalities: the Messenger of Allah (SAW), Ali (كرم الله وجهه), Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA).
References
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-awsat (3:380#3456)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-us-saghir (1:231#375)
►Ibn Hayyan, Tabaqat-ul-muhadditheen bi Asbhan (3# 384)
►Khateeb Baghdadi, Tareekh Baghdad (10:278)
►Tabari, Jami-ul-bayan fi tafsir al-Quran (22:6)
Hadith #5
Virtues of Ahle Bait(People of the House)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women
Hadith #1
عن مسروق: حدثتني عائشة أم المؤمنين رضي الله عنها، قالت: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا فاطمة! ألا ترضين أن تكوني سيدة نساء المؤمنين، أو سيدة نساء هذه الأمة
Masruq narrates from the Mother of the Believers Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said,“Fatimah, are you not happy that you are the leader of the women of all the believers or the leader of the women of this ummah.”
References
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (5:2317#5928)
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1905#2450)
►Nasai, Fadail-us-sahabah (p.77#263)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:762#1342)
►Tayalisi, al-Musnad (p.196#1373)
►Ibn Sad, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (2:247)
►Dawlabi, az-Zurriyah at-tahirah (p.101,102#188)
►Abu Nauym, Hilyat-ul-awliya wa tabaqat-ul-asfiya (2:39, 40)
►Dhahabi, Siyar alam an-nubala (2:130)
Hadith #2
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إن ملكا من السماء لم يكن زارني، فاستأذن الله في زيارتي، فبشرني أو أخبرني: أن فاطمة سيدة نساء أمتي
Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “An angel in the skies who had not seen me requested permission from Allah (SWT) to see me (which he was granted); he told me the good news or brought me the news that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women in my nation.”
References
►Bukhari, at-Tarikh-ul-kabir (1:232#728)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:403#1006)
►Haythami said in Majma-uz-zawaid (9:201) this tradition has been narrated by Tabarani and has declared its narrators sahih (sound) except Muhammad bin Marwan Zahli. While Ibn Hibban has declared Muhammad bin Marwan Zahli as very sound.
►Dhahabi, Siyar alam an-nubala (2:127)
►Mizzi, Tahdhib-ul-kamal (26:391)
Hadith #3
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال وهو في مرضه الذي توفي فيه: يا فاطمة! ألا ترضين أن تكوني سيدة نساء العالمين وسيدة نساء هذه الأمة و سيدة نساء المؤمنين
Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said during the illness in which he passed away,“Oh Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا)! Are you not pleased with the fact that you are the leader of the women of all the worlds, the leader of the women of this ummah (nation) and the leader of the women of all the believers.”
References
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:146#8517)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (4:251#7078)
►Hakim has declared it sahih (sound) in al-Mustadrak (3:170# 4740) while Dhahabi has supported it.
►Ibn Sa‘d, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (2:247,248)
►Ibn Sad, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (8:26,27)
►Ibn Athir, Usad-ul-ghabah fi-marifah as-sahabah (7:218)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of women in Paradise
Hadith #4
عن حذيفة رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن هذا ملك لم ينزل الأرض قط قبل هذه الليلة استأذن ربه أن يسلم عليّ و يبشّرني بأن فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأن الحسن والحسين سيدا شباب أهل الجنة
Hudhaifah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “There is an angel who before tonight had never come down to earth, asked permission from his Lord to offer slam (salutations) to me and to deliver the good news to me that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women of Paradise and Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of all the youngsters in Paradise.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:660#3781)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:80,95#8298,8365)
►Nasai, Fadhail-us-sahabah (p.58,72#193,260)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (5:391)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:788#1406)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:388#32271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:164#4721,4722)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:402#1005)
►Bayhaqi, al-Itiqad (p.328)
►Muhibb Tabari, Dhakhair-ul-uqba fi-manaqib dhaw-il-qurba (p.224)
Hadith #5
عن بن عباس رضي الله عنه، قال: خط رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في الأرض أربعة خطوط. قال: تدرون ما هذا؟ فقالوا: الله و رسوله أعلم. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أفضل نساء أهل الجنة: خديجة بنت خويلد، و فاطمة بنت محمد، و آسية بنت مزاحم امرأة فرعون، و مريم ابنة عمران رضي الله عنهن اجمعين
Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) drew four lines in the ground and asked, “Do you know what this is?” The companions replied, “Allah (SWT) and His Messenger (SAW) know better.” Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “From the women of Paradise four are superior to others: Khadijah the daughter of Khuwaylid, Fatimah the daughter of Muhammad, Asiyah the daughter of Mazahim the wife of Pharaoh and Maryam the daughter of Imran (RA).”
References
►Nasai, Fadail-us-sahabah (p.74,76#250,259)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:93,94#8355,8364)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (1:293,316)
►Ibn Hibban, as-Sahih (15:470#7010)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak, (2:539#3836)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:174,205#4754,4852)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:760,761# 1339)
►Abu Yala, al-Musnad (5:110#2722)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:364#2962)
►Abd bin Humayd, al-Musnad (1:205#597)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), a part of the Prophet (SAW)
Hadith #6
عن المسور بن مخرمة: رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: فاطمة بضعة مني، فمن أغضبها أغضبني
Miswar bin Makhramah (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Fatimah is a part of me. Therefore, whosoever angers her angers me.”
References
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (3:1361#3510)
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (3:1374#3556)
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1903#2449)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated it in al-Musannaf (6:388# 32269) through Ali (كرم الله وجهه)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:361#2954)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:404#1013)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:172#4747)
►Bayhaqi, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (10:201)
►Daylami, al-Firdaws bi mathur al-khitab (3:145#4389)
►Abu Awanah, al-Musnad (3:70#4233)
Hadith #7
عن علي رضي الله عنه أنه كان عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال: أي شيء خير للمرأة؟ فسكتوا، فلما رجعت قلت لفاطمة: أي شيء خير للنساء؟ قالت ألا يراهن الرجال. فذكرت ذلك للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: إنما فاطمة بضعة مني
Ali (RA) narrates, “He was present in the company of the Messenger of Allah (SAW) when the Holy Prophet (SAW) asked, ‘What is best for a woman’ on this the companions remained quiet. When I returned home I asked Fatimah, ‘Tell me what is best for a woman?’ Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) replied, ‘It is best for a woman that no men (i.e. outside of one’s immediate family: brothers, father, uncle, husband, sons) see her.’ I mentioned this to the Holy Prophet (SAW) and he (SAW) said, ‘Indeed Fatimah is a part of me.’”
References
►Bazzar, al-Musnad (2:160#526)
►Haythami, Majma-uz-zawaid (4:255)
►Haythami, Majma-uz-zawaid (9:202)
►Abu Nuaym, Hilyat-ul-awliya wa tabaqat-ul-asfiya (2:40, 41,175)
►Darqutni, Sualat Hamzah (p.280#409)
وَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلاَ تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ ٱلْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ٱلأُولَىٰ وَأَقِمْنَ ٱلصَّلاَةَ وَآتِينَ ٱلزَّكَـاةَ وَأَطِعْنَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ ٱلرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ ٱلْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيـراً
Translation: And stay quietly in your houses, and make not a dazzling display, like that of the former Times of Ignorance; and establish regular Prayer, and give regular Charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family, and to make you pure and spotless. (Quran-33:33)
In Light of Quran
The Wives of the Prophet are Members of His Household (Ahl Al-Bayt)
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــراً
Translation: Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification[33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: This is a clear statement that the wives of the Prophet are included among the members of his family (Ahl Al-Bayt) here, because they are the reason why this Ayah was revealed,and the scholars are unanimously agreed that they were the reason for revelation in this case, whether this was the only reason for revelation or there was also another reason, which is the correct view. Ibn Jarir recorded that `Ikrimah used to call out in the marketplace
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــراً
Translation:Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification[Quran-33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: "This was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet.'' Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said concerning the Ayah
The Family of Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا) is the Ahl-ul-bait (People of the House)
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
Translation: Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family [Quran-33:33]
Tafsir Ibn Kathir: "It was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet .'' `Ikrimah said: "Whoever disagrees with me that it was revealed solely concerning the wives of the Prophet , I am prepared to meet with him and pray and invoke the curse of Allah upon those who are lying.'' So they alone were the reason for revelation, but others may be included by way of generalization. Ibn Jarir narrated that Safiyyah bint Shaybah said: "`A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, `The Prophet went out one morning wearing a striped cloak of black camel's hair. Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him. Then Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him. Then Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, came and he wrapped her in the cloak with him. Then `Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, came and he wrapped him in the cloak with him, then he said:
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُـمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيــر
Allah wishes only to remove Ar-Rijs from you, O members of the family, and to purify you with a thorough purification.) This was recorded by Muslim.
Imam Jalal ud din Suyuti (rah): writes in his magnificent Tafsir Dur ul Munthur
وأخرج ابن أبي حاتم وابن عساكر من طريق عكرمة رضي الله عنه عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما في قوله { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس، أهل البيت } قال: نزلت في نساء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
Translation: Imam Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Asakir narrate from the route of Akrama (ra) who narrated from Ibn Abbas (ra) that {Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family} was revealed regarding the blessed wives of Prophet (Peace be upon him) [Tafsir Dur ul Munthur, Volume No. 5, Page No. 562]
Imam Suyuti (rah) further quotes this hadith:
وأخرج ابن سعد عن عروة رضي الله عنه { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت } قال: يعني أزواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نزلت في بيت عائشة رضي الله عنها
Translation: Imam Ibn S’ad (ra) narrates from Urwa (ra) who said: Ahlul Bayt refers to wives of Prophet (Peace be upon him). This verse was revealed regarding Hadrat Aisha (ra)
How it specifically refers to blood relatives of Prophet (i.e. Imam Ali, Fatima, Hassan and Hussain – Ridhwan Allaho Ajmain)
Imam Suyuti narrates:
وأخرج الترمذي وصححه وابن جرير وابن المنذر والحاكم وصححه وابن مردويه والبيهقي في سننه من طرق عن أم سلمة رضي الله عنها قالت:
في بيتي نزلت { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت } وفي البيت فاطمة، وعلي، والحسن، والحسين. فجللهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بكساء كان عليه، ثم قال " هؤلاء أهل بيتي فاذهب عنهم الرجس، وطهرهم تطهيراً "
Translation: It is narrated by Imam Tirimdhi and he declared it “SAHIH”.. Imam Ibn Jarir, Ibn Mundhir and Imam Hakim who also declared it “SAHIH” plus Imam Ibn Murduya and Baihaqi in his Sunnan narrate from the route of Umm Salama (ra) who said:
This ayah was revealed in my house when in the house were present Fatima, Ali, Hassan and Hussain (Ridhwan Allaho Ajmain). The Prophet (Peace be upon him) covered them in his own cloak and then said: (O Allah) these are my Ahlul Bayt, remove all abomination from them and make them pure and spotless [Tafsir Dur ul Munthur, Volume No. 5, Page No. 563]
وأخرج ابن جرير وابن أبي حاتم والطبراني عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " نزلت هذه الآية في خمسة: فيّ، وفي علي، وفاطمة، وحسن، وحسين، { إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيراً } ".
Translation: Imam Ibn Jarir, Ibn Abi Hatim and Imam Tabarani narrate from Hadrat Abu Sa’id al Khudri (ra) who narrates from the Prophet (Peace be upon him) who said: This ayah is revealed about 5 personalities (1) Myself (2) Ali (3) Fatima (4) Hassan and (5) Hussain (Allah’s Peace and blessings be upon them all)
In Light of Hadith
The Family of Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا) is the Ahl-ul-bait (People of the House)
Hadith #1
عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يمر بباب فاطمة ستة أشهر إذا خرج إلى
صلاة الفجر، يقول: الصلاة! يا أهل البيت: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا
Ans bin Malik (RA) narrates that when the Holy Prophet (SAW) used to come out for Fajr (dawn) prayer, as he passed the door of Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), he used to say, “O ‘people of the house’, perform your prayer” and then he used to recite the following verse from the Holy Quran: “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house’! (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:352#3206)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (3:259,285)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:761#1340, 1341)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musnnaf (6:388#32272)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:360#2953)
►Abd bin Humaid, al-Musnad (p.367#1223)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:172#4748)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (3:56#2671)
►Bukhari related it from Abul Hamra in al-Kuna (p.25# 205). In the tradition this routine of the Prophet (A) was carried out for a period of nine months.
►Abd bin Humayd has related the same tradition from Bukhari in al-Musnad (p.173# 475).
[al-Ahzab 33:33] (he did this) for six months.
Hadith #2
عن صفية بنت شيبة، قالت: قالت عائشة رضي الله عنها: خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غداة وعليه مرط مرحل
من شعر أسود. فجاء الحسن بن علي فأدخله، ثم جاء الحسين فدخل معه ثم جاءت فاطمة رضي الله عنها فأدخلها، ثم
جاء علي فأدخله، ثم قال: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا
Safiyyah the daughter of Shaybah narrates that Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) said, “The Holy Prophet (SAW) came out one morning wearing a cloak which had camel saddles woven on to it with black wool. Then Hasan bin Ali (RA) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) took him under the cloak, then Husain (RA) came and entered beneath it with the Holy Prophet (SAW). Then Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) took her under the cloak. Next Ali(كرم الله وجهه) came and the Holy Prophet (SAW) also included him beneath it. Then the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) recited the verse, ‘Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house!’ (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,’ (al-Ahzab 33:33).”
References
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1883#2424)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:370#36102)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:672#1149)
►Ibn Rahawayh, al-Musnad (3:678#1271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:159#4705)
►Bayhaqi, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (2:149)
►Tabari, Jami-ul-bayan fi tafsir al-Quran (22:6,7)
►Baghawi, Maalim-ut-tanzil (3:529)
►Ibn Kathir, Tafsir-ul-Quran al-azim (3:485)
►Suyuti, ad-Durr-ul-manthur fit-tafsir-bil-mathur (6:605)
Hadith #3
عن عمر بن أبي سلمة ربيب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لما نزلت هذه الآية على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
(إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا) في بيت أم سلمة، فدعا فاطمة و حسنا و حسينا
رضي الله عنهم فجللهم بكساء وعلي خلف ظهره فجلله بكساء، ثم قال: اللهم! هؤلاء أهل بيتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس
وطهرهم تطهيرا
Umar bin Abi Salamah (RA) who was brought up by the Prophet (SAW) narrates that when the verse, “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house!’ (the Prophet’s family) and to totally purify you,” (al-Ahzab 33:33), was revealed to the Holy Prophet (SAW) at the home of Umm Salamah (رضي الله عنها), he (SAW) called Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) and covered them with a cloak. Ali(كرم الله وجهه) was behind him (SAW), the Holy Prophet (SAW) also covered him under the same cloak and then said, “Oh Allah! These are my ahl-ul-bait (‘people of the house’) so keep impurity away from them and totally purify them.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:351,663#3205,3787)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (6:292)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:587#994)
►Bayhaqi related it with slightly different words in as-sunan-ul-kubra (2:150).
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (2:451#3558)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:158#4705)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (3:54#2662)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (9:25#8295)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-awsat (4:134#3799)
►Baihaqi, al-Itiqad (p.327)
Hadith #4
عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه في قوله: (إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ) قال: نزلت في خمسة: في رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم و علي و فاطمة و الحسن و الحسين رضى الله عنهم
Abu Saeed Khudri (RA) has said about the verse, “Allah only desires to keep away (all kinds of) impurity from you, O ‘people of the house’!…”, that it was revealed in honour of the following five personalities: the Messenger of Allah (SAW), Ali (كرم الله وجهه), Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA).
References
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-awsat (3:380#3456)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-us-saghir (1:231#375)
►Ibn Hayyan, Tabaqat-ul-muhadditheen bi Asbhan (3# 384)
►Khateeb Baghdadi, Tareekh Baghdad (10:278)
►Tabari, Jami-ul-bayan fi tafsir al-Quran (22:6)
Hadith #5
حدثنا نصر بن عبد الرحمن الكوفي حدثنا زيد بن الحسن هو الأنماطي عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عن جابر بن عبد الله قال رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في حجته يوم عرفة وهو على ناقته القصواء يخطب فسمعته يقول يا أيها الناس إني قد تركت فيكم ما إن أخذتم به لن تضلوا كتاب الله وعترتي أهل بيتي
قال وهذا حديث حسن
Narrated by Jabir ibn Abdullah: Jabir saw Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) when performing the hajj seated on his she-camel al-Qaswa' on the day of Arafah giving an address, and he heard him saying, “O people, I have left among you something of such a nature that if you adhere to it you will not go astray: Allah's Book and my close relatives who belong to my household.” [Sunan Tirmidhi Volume 005, Book 162, Hadith Number 3718] Imam Tirmidhi (rah) said: It is hassan
قال وهذا حديث حسن
Narrated by Jabir ibn Abdullah: Jabir saw Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) when performing the hajj seated on his she-camel al-Qaswa' on the day of Arafah giving an address, and he heard him saying, “O people, I have left among you something of such a nature that if you adhere to it you will not go astray: Allah's Book and my close relatives who belong to my household.” [Sunan Tirmidhi Volume 005, Book 162, Hadith Number 3718] Imam Tirmidhi (rah) said: It is hassan
Virtues of Ahle Bait(People of the House)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ عليھا)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women
Hadith #1
عن مسروق: حدثتني عائشة أم المؤمنين رضي الله عنها، قالت: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا فاطمة! ألا ترضين أن تكوني سيدة نساء المؤمنين، أو سيدة نساء هذه الأمة
Masruq narrates from the Mother of the Believers Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said,“Fatimah, are you not happy that you are the leader of the women of all the believers or the leader of the women of this ummah.”
References
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (5:2317#5928)
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1905#2450)
►Nasai, Fadail-us-sahabah (p.77#263)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:762#1342)
►Tayalisi, al-Musnad (p.196#1373)
►Ibn Sad, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (2:247)
►Dawlabi, az-Zurriyah at-tahirah (p.101,102#188)
►Abu Nauym, Hilyat-ul-awliya wa tabaqat-ul-asfiya (2:39, 40)
►Dhahabi, Siyar alam an-nubala (2:130)
Hadith #2
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إن ملكا من السماء لم يكن زارني، فاستأذن الله في زيارتي، فبشرني أو أخبرني: أن فاطمة سيدة نساء أمتي
Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “An angel in the skies who had not seen me requested permission from Allah (SWT) to see me (which he was granted); he told me the good news or brought me the news that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women in my nation.”
References
►Bukhari, at-Tarikh-ul-kabir (1:232#728)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:403#1006)
►Haythami said in Majma-uz-zawaid (9:201) this tradition has been narrated by Tabarani and has declared its narrators sahih (sound) except Muhammad bin Marwan Zahli. While Ibn Hibban has declared Muhammad bin Marwan Zahli as very sound.
►Dhahabi, Siyar alam an-nubala (2:127)
►Mizzi, Tahdhib-ul-kamal (26:391)
Hadith #3
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال وهو في مرضه الذي توفي فيه: يا فاطمة! ألا ترضين أن تكوني سيدة نساء العالمين وسيدة نساء هذه الأمة و سيدة نساء المؤمنين
Ayeshah (رضي الله عنها) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said during the illness in which he passed away,“Oh Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا)! Are you not pleased with the fact that you are the leader of the women of all the worlds, the leader of the women of this ummah (nation) and the leader of the women of all the believers.”
References
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:146#8517)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (4:251#7078)
►Hakim has declared it sahih (sound) in al-Mustadrak (3:170# 4740) while Dhahabi has supported it.
►Ibn Sa‘d, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (2:247,248)
►Ibn Sad, at-Tabaqat-ul-kubra (8:26,27)
►Ibn Athir, Usad-ul-ghabah fi-marifah as-sahabah (7:218)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of women in Paradise
Hadith #4
عن حذيفة رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن هذا ملك لم ينزل الأرض قط قبل هذه الليلة استأذن ربه أن يسلم عليّ و يبشّرني بأن فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأن الحسن والحسين سيدا شباب أهل الجنة
Hudhaifah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “There is an angel who before tonight had never come down to earth, asked permission from his Lord to offer slam (salutations) to me and to deliver the good news to me that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women of Paradise and Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of all the youngsters in Paradise.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:660#3781)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:80,95#8298,8365)
►Nasai, Fadhail-us-sahabah (p.58,72#193,260)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (5:391)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:788#1406)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:388#32271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:164#4721,4722)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:402#1005)
►Bayhaqi, al-Itiqad (p.328)
►Muhibb Tabari, Dhakhair-ul-uqba fi-manaqib dhaw-il-qurba (p.224)
Hadith #5
عن بن عباس رضي الله عنه، قال: خط رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في الأرض أربعة خطوط. قال: تدرون ما هذا؟ فقالوا: الله و رسوله أعلم. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أفضل نساء أهل الجنة: خديجة بنت خويلد، و فاطمة بنت محمد، و آسية بنت مزاحم امرأة فرعون، و مريم ابنة عمران رضي الله عنهن اجمعين
Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) drew four lines in the ground and asked, “Do you know what this is?” The companions replied, “Allah (SWT) and His Messenger (SAW) know better.” Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “From the women of Paradise four are superior to others: Khadijah the daughter of Khuwaylid, Fatimah the daughter of Muhammad, Asiyah the daughter of Mazahim the wife of Pharaoh and Maryam the daughter of Imran (RA).”
References
►Nasai, Fadail-us-sahabah (p.74,76#250,259)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:93,94#8355,8364)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (1:293,316)
►Ibn Hibban, as-Sahih (15:470#7010)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak, (2:539#3836)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:174,205#4754,4852)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:760,761# 1339)
►Abu Yala, al-Musnad (5:110#2722)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:364#2962)
►Abd bin Humayd, al-Musnad (1:205#597)
Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا), a part of the Prophet (SAW)
Hadith #6
عن المسور بن مخرمة: رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: فاطمة بضعة مني، فمن أغضبها أغضبني
Miswar bin Makhramah (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Fatimah is a part of me. Therefore, whosoever angers her angers me.”
References
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (3:1361#3510)
►Bukhari, as-Sahih (3:1374#3556)
►Muslim, as-Sahih (4:1903#2449)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated it in al-Musannaf (6:388# 32269) through Ali (كرم الله وجهه)
►Shaybani, al-Aahad wal-mathani (5:361#2954)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:404#1013)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:172#4747)
►Bayhaqi, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (10:201)
►Daylami, al-Firdaws bi mathur al-khitab (3:145#4389)
►Abu Awanah, al-Musnad (3:70#4233)
Hadith #7
عن علي رضي الله عنه أنه كان عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال: أي شيء خير للمرأة؟ فسكتوا، فلما رجعت قلت لفاطمة: أي شيء خير للنساء؟ قالت ألا يراهن الرجال. فذكرت ذلك للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: إنما فاطمة بضعة مني
Ali (RA) narrates, “He was present in the company of the Messenger of Allah (SAW) when the Holy Prophet (SAW) asked, ‘What is best for a woman’ on this the companions remained quiet. When I returned home I asked Fatimah, ‘Tell me what is best for a woman?’ Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) replied, ‘It is best for a woman that no men (i.e. outside of one’s immediate family: brothers, father, uncle, husband, sons) see her.’ I mentioned this to the Holy Prophet (SAW) and he (SAW) said, ‘Indeed Fatimah is a part of me.’”
References
►Bazzar, al-Musnad (2:160#526)
►Haythami, Majma-uz-zawaid (4:255)
►Haythami, Majma-uz-zawaid (9:202)
►Abu Nuaym, Hilyat-ul-awliya wa tabaqat-ul-asfiya (2:40, 41,175)
►Darqutni, Sualat Hamzah (p.280#409)
HASAN(R.A) AND HUSAIN(R.A)
Hadith #8
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying to Hasan: O Allah, behold, I love him. Thou too love him and love one who loves him.
Reference
Book 031, Number 5951:Sahih Muslim
Hadith #9
Abu Huraira reported: I went along with Allalh's Messenger (may peace be upon him) at a time during the day but he did not talk to me and I did not talk to him until he reached Bazar of Banfi Qainuqal. He came back to the tent of Fatima and said: Is the little chap (meaning Hasan) there? We were under the impression that his mother had detained him in order to bathe him and dress him and garland him with a sweet garland. Not much time had passed that he (Hasan) came running until both of them embraced each other, thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: O Allah, I love him; love him Thou and love one who loves him (Hasan).
Reference
Book 031, Number 5952:Sahih Muslim
Hadith #10
Al-Bara' b. Azib reported: I saw Hasan b. 'Ali upon the shoulders of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) and he was saying: O Allah, I love him, and love him Thou.
Reference
Book 031, Number 5953:Sahih Muslim
Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of Paradise.
Hadith #11
عن حذيفة رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن هذا ملك لم ينزل الأرض قط قبل هذه الليلة استأذن ربه أن يسلم عليّ و يبشّرني بأن فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأن الحسن والحسين سيدا شباب أهل الجنة
Hudhaifah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “There is an angel who before tonight had never come down to earth, asked permission from his Lord to offer slam (salutations) to me and to deliver the good news to me that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women of Paradise and Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of all the youngsters in Paradise.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:660#3781)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:80,95#8298,8365)
►Nasai, Fadhail-us-sahabah (p.58,72#193,260)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (5:391)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:788#1406)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:388#32271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:164#4721,4722)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:402#1005)
►Bayhaqi, al-Itiqad (p.328)
►Muhibb Tabari, Dhakhair-ul-uqba fi-manaqib dhaw-il-qurba (p.224)
HAZARTH Ali (Karam Allaho Wajaho)
Believers love Hadrat Ali and hypocrites nurse grudge against him
Hadith #12
Zirr reported: 'Ali observed: By Him Who split up the seed and created something living, the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) gave me a promise that No one but a believer would love me, and none but a hypocrite would nurse grudge against me.
Reference
Book 001, Number 0141: (Sahih Muslim)
The Analogy between Aaron and Moses (Peace be upon them both)
Hadith #13
Sa'd reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying to 'Ali: Aren't you satisfied with being unto me what Aaron was unto Moses?
Reference
Book 031, Number 5916: (Sahih Muslim)
For whosoever is Prophet (saw) Mawla, Ali is Mawla
Hadith #14
Sayyidna Abu Sarihah (Radhi Allah) or Zayd ibn Arqam (Shu’bah is uncertain about it) said that Prophet (salallaho alaihi wasalam) said: He for whom I am Mawla (friend, beloved, helper), Ali is Mawla
Reference
[Sunnan al Tirimdhi Hadith No. 3733] – Imam Abu Isa Tirimdhi (rah) said: This Hadith is Hasan Gharib
Hadith #15
Sayyidna Hubshi ibn Junadah (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger said: Ali is from me and I am from Ali
Reference
[Sunnan Ibn Majah Hadith No. 119] – Imam Tirimdhi also narrated it and declared it Hassan Sahih.
Hadith #16
عن البراء بن عازب رضي الله عنه، قال: أقبلنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في حجته التي حج، فنزل في بعض الطريق، فأمر الصلاة جامعة، فأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: ألست أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: ألست أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فهذا ولي من أنا مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، اللهم! عاد من عاداه
Translation:“Barā’ bin ‘Āzib (RA) narrates: We performed hajj with Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). On the way he stayed at a place and commanded us (to establish) the prayer in congregation. After this, he held ‘Alī’s hand, and said: Am I not nearer than the lives of the believers? They replied: Why not! He said: Am I not nearer than the life of every believer? They replied: Why not! He said: One who has me as his master has this (‘Alī) as his guardian. O Allāh! Befriend the one who befriends him and be the enemy of one who is his enemy.”
References:
► Ibn Mājah narrated this sound hadīth (tradition) in preface (al-muqaddimah) to his Sunan (1:88 # 116)
►Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāyah wan-nihāyah (4:168)
►Ibn ‘Asākir, Tārīkh Dimashq al-kabīr (45:167, 168)
►Ibn ‘Abī ‘Āsim briefly mentioned in as-Sunnah (p.603 # 1362).
Hadith #17
Most of the hadīth-scholars have described the tradition given below in the mode of revelation of the verse:
إنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللهُ وَرَسُوْلُه وَالَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا الَّذِيْنَ يُقِيْمُوْنَ الصَّلاةَ وَيُؤْتُوْنَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُوْنَ
[Quran, al-Mā’idah 5:55]
(Surely your (helping) friend is Allāh and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakāh and bow down (in humility before Allāh (SWT))
عن عمار بن ياسر رضي الله عنه، يقول: وقف على علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه سائل وهو راكع في تطوع، فنزع خاتمه فأعطاه السائل، فأتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، فأعلمه ذالك، فنزلت على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم هذه الآية: {إنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللهُ وَرَسُوْله وَالَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا الَّذِيْنَ يُقِيْمُوْنَ الصَّلاةَ وَيُؤْتُوْنَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُوْنَ} فقرأها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، ثم قال: من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه
“It is narrated by ‘Ammār bin Yāsir (RA) that a beggar came up to ‘Alī (RA) and stood beside him. He was kneeling in prayer. He (the beggar) pulled out his ring and he gave the ring to the beggar. Then ‘Alī (RA) called on the Prophet (SAW) and told him the news.At this occasion, this verse was revealed to him: (Surely your (helping) friend is Allāh and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakāh and bow down (in humility before Allāh (SWT)). Allāh’s Messenger (SAW) read out the verse and said: One who has me as his master has ‘Alī as his master. O Allāh! Be his friend who befriends him (‘Alī) and be his enemy who is his enemy.”
References:
►Tabarānī related it in al-Mu‘jam-ul-awsat (7:129, 130 # 6228), al-Mu‘jam-ul-kabīr (4:174 # 4053; 5:195, 203, 204 # 5068, 5069, 5092, 5097), and in al-Mu‘jam-us-saghīr (1:65)
►Ahmad bin Hambal narrated it in al-Musnad (1:119; 4:372)
►Hākim, al-Mustadrak (3:119, 371 # 4576, 5594)
Hadith #18
عن البراء بن عازب رضي الله عنه، قال: كنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في سفر، فنزلنا بغدير خم، فنودي فينا: الصلاة جامعة، وكسح لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تحت شجرتين، فصلى الظهر وأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: ألستم تعلمون أنى أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: ألستم تعلمون أنى أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه. قال: فلقيه عمر رضي الله عنه بعد ذلك، فقال له: هنيئا يا ابن أبي طالب! أصبحت وأمسيت مولى كل مؤمن ومؤمنة
Translation:“It is narrated by Barā’ bin ‘Āzib (RA): We were on a journey with Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). (On the way) we stayed at Ghadīr Khum. There it was announced that the prayer was about to be offered. The space under two trees was cleaned for Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). Then he offered the zuhr (noon) prayer, and, holding ‘Alī’s hand, he said: Don’t you know that I am even nearer than the lives of the believers? They said: Why not! He said: Don’t you know that I am even nearer than the life of every believer? They said: Why not! The narrator says that he said while holding ‘Alī’s hand: One who has me as his master has ‘Alī as his master. O Allāh! Befriend the one who befriends him (‘Alī) and be the enemy of one who is his enemy. The narrator says that after this ‘Umar (bin al-Khattāb (RA)) met ‘Alī (RA) and said to him: O Ibn Abī Tālib! Congratulations, you have become the master of every male and female believer, morning and evening (for ever).”
References
►Ahmad bin Hambal related it from Barā’ bin ‘Āzib through two different chains of transmission in al-Musnad (4:281)
►Ibn Abī Shaybah, al-Musannaf (12:78 # 12167)
►Ibn Kathīr in al-Bidāyah wan-nihāyah (4:169; 5:464)
►Ibn ‘Asākir, Tārīkh Dimashq al-kabīr (5:167, 168)
► Ibn Athīr, Asad-ul-ghābah (4:103)
► Dhahabī has said in Siyar a‘lām-in-nubalā’ (2:623, 624)
Hadith #8
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying to Hasan: O Allah, behold, I love him. Thou too love him and love one who loves him.
Reference
Book 031, Number 5951:Sahih Muslim
Hadith #9
Abu Huraira reported: I went along with Allalh's Messenger (may peace be upon him) at a time during the day but he did not talk to me and I did not talk to him until he reached Bazar of Banfi Qainuqal. He came back to the tent of Fatima and said: Is the little chap (meaning Hasan) there? We were under the impression that his mother had detained him in order to bathe him and dress him and garland him with a sweet garland. Not much time had passed that he (Hasan) came running until both of them embraced each other, thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: O Allah, I love him; love him Thou and love one who loves him (Hasan).
Reference
Book 031, Number 5952:Sahih Muslim
Hadith #10
Al-Bara' b. Azib reported: I saw Hasan b. 'Ali upon the shoulders of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) and he was saying: O Allah, I love him, and love him Thou.
Reference
Book 031, Number 5953:Sahih Muslim
Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of Paradise.
Hadith #11
عن حذيفة رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن هذا ملك لم ينزل الأرض قط قبل هذه الليلة استأذن ربه أن يسلم عليّ و يبشّرني بأن فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأن الحسن والحسين سيدا شباب أهل الجنة
Hudhaifah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, “There is an angel who before tonight had never come down to earth, asked permission from his Lord to offer slam (salutations) to me and to deliver the good news to me that Fatimah (سلام اللہ علیھا) is the leader of all women of Paradise and Hasan (RA) and Husain (RA) are the leaders of all the youngsters in Paradise.”
References
►Tirmidhi, al-Jami-us-sahih (5:660#3781)
►Nasai, as-Sunan-ul-kubra (5:80,95#8298,8365)
►Nasai, Fadhail-us-sahabah (p.58,72#193,260)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, al-Musnad (5:391)
►Ahmad bin Hambal, Fadail-us-sahabah (2:788#1406)
►Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Musannaf (6:388#32271)
►Hakim, al-Mustadrak (3:164#4721,4722)
►Tabarani, al-Mujam-ul-kabir (22:402#1005)
►Bayhaqi, al-Itiqad (p.328)
►Muhibb Tabari, Dhakhair-ul-uqba fi-manaqib dhaw-il-qurba (p.224)
HAZARTH Ali (Karam Allaho Wajaho)
Believers love Hadrat Ali and hypocrites nurse grudge against him
Hadith #12
Zirr reported: 'Ali observed: By Him Who split up the seed and created something living, the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) gave me a promise that No one but a believer would love me, and none but a hypocrite would nurse grudge against me.
Reference
Book 001, Number 0141: (Sahih Muslim)
The Analogy between Aaron and Moses (Peace be upon them both)
Hadith #13
Sa'd reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying to 'Ali: Aren't you satisfied with being unto me what Aaron was unto Moses?
Reference
Book 031, Number 5916: (Sahih Muslim)
For whosoever is Prophet (saw) Mawla, Ali is Mawla
Hadith #14
Sayyidna Abu Sarihah (Radhi Allah) or Zayd ibn Arqam (Shu’bah is uncertain about it) said that Prophet (salallaho alaihi wasalam) said: He for whom I am Mawla (friend, beloved, helper), Ali is Mawla
Reference
[Sunnan al Tirimdhi Hadith No. 3733] – Imam Abu Isa Tirimdhi (rah) said: This Hadith is Hasan Gharib
Hadith #15
Sayyidna Hubshi ibn Junadah (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger said: Ali is from me and I am from Ali
Reference
[Sunnan Ibn Majah Hadith No. 119] – Imam Tirimdhi also narrated it and declared it Hassan Sahih.
Hadith #16
عن البراء بن عازب رضي الله عنه، قال: أقبلنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في حجته التي حج، فنزل في بعض الطريق، فأمر الصلاة جامعة، فأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: ألست أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: ألست أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فهذا ولي من أنا مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، اللهم! عاد من عاداه
Translation:“Barā’ bin ‘Āzib (RA) narrates: We performed hajj with Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). On the way he stayed at a place and commanded us (to establish) the prayer in congregation. After this, he held ‘Alī’s hand, and said: Am I not nearer than the lives of the believers? They replied: Why not! He said: Am I not nearer than the life of every believer? They replied: Why not! He said: One who has me as his master has this (‘Alī) as his guardian. O Allāh! Befriend the one who befriends him and be the enemy of one who is his enemy.”
References:
► Ibn Mājah narrated this sound hadīth (tradition) in preface (al-muqaddimah) to his Sunan (1:88 # 116)
►Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāyah wan-nihāyah (4:168)
►Ibn ‘Asākir, Tārīkh Dimashq al-kabīr (45:167, 168)
►Ibn ‘Abī ‘Āsim briefly mentioned in as-Sunnah (p.603 # 1362).
Hadith #17
Most of the hadīth-scholars have described the tradition given below in the mode of revelation of the verse:
إنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللهُ وَرَسُوْلُه وَالَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا الَّذِيْنَ يُقِيْمُوْنَ الصَّلاةَ وَيُؤْتُوْنَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُوْنَ
[Quran, al-Mā’idah 5:55]
(Surely your (helping) friend is Allāh and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakāh and bow down (in humility before Allāh (SWT))
عن عمار بن ياسر رضي الله عنه، يقول: وقف على علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه سائل وهو راكع في تطوع، فنزع خاتمه فأعطاه السائل، فأتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، فأعلمه ذالك، فنزلت على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم هذه الآية: {إنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللهُ وَرَسُوْله وَالَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا الَّذِيْنَ يُقِيْمُوْنَ الصَّلاةَ وَيُؤْتُوْنَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُوْنَ} فقرأها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، ثم قال: من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه
“It is narrated by ‘Ammār bin Yāsir (RA) that a beggar came up to ‘Alī (RA) and stood beside him. He was kneeling in prayer. He (the beggar) pulled out his ring and he gave the ring to the beggar. Then ‘Alī (RA) called on the Prophet (SAW) and told him the news.At this occasion, this verse was revealed to him: (Surely your (helping) friend is Allāh and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakāh and bow down (in humility before Allāh (SWT)). Allāh’s Messenger (SAW) read out the verse and said: One who has me as his master has ‘Alī as his master. O Allāh! Be his friend who befriends him (‘Alī) and be his enemy who is his enemy.”
References:
►Tabarānī related it in al-Mu‘jam-ul-awsat (7:129, 130 # 6228), al-Mu‘jam-ul-kabīr (4:174 # 4053; 5:195, 203, 204 # 5068, 5069, 5092, 5097), and in al-Mu‘jam-us-saghīr (1:65)
►Ahmad bin Hambal narrated it in al-Musnad (1:119; 4:372)
►Hākim, al-Mustadrak (3:119, 371 # 4576, 5594)
Hadith #18
عن البراء بن عازب رضي الله عنه، قال: كنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في سفر، فنزلنا بغدير خم، فنودي فينا: الصلاة جامعة، وكسح لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تحت شجرتين، فصلى الظهر وأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: ألستم تعلمون أنى أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: ألستم تعلمون أنى أولى بكل مؤمن من نفسه؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فأخذ بيد علي رضي الله عنه، فقال: من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، اللهم! وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه. قال: فلقيه عمر رضي الله عنه بعد ذلك، فقال له: هنيئا يا ابن أبي طالب! أصبحت وأمسيت مولى كل مؤمن ومؤمنة
Translation:“It is narrated by Barā’ bin ‘Āzib (RA): We were on a journey with Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). (On the way) we stayed at Ghadīr Khum. There it was announced that the prayer was about to be offered. The space under two trees was cleaned for Allāh’s Messenger (SAW). Then he offered the zuhr (noon) prayer, and, holding ‘Alī’s hand, he said: Don’t you know that I am even nearer than the lives of the believers? They said: Why not! He said: Don’t you know that I am even nearer than the life of every believer? They said: Why not! The narrator says that he said while holding ‘Alī’s hand: One who has me as his master has ‘Alī as his master. O Allāh! Befriend the one who befriends him (‘Alī) and be the enemy of one who is his enemy. The narrator says that after this ‘Umar (bin al-Khattāb (RA)) met ‘Alī (RA) and said to him: O Ibn Abī Tālib! Congratulations, you have become the master of every male and female believer, morning and evening (for ever).”
References
►Ahmad bin Hambal related it from Barā’ bin ‘Āzib through two different chains of transmission in al-Musnad (4:281)
►Ibn Abī Shaybah, al-Musannaf (12:78 # 12167)
►Ibn Kathīr in al-Bidāyah wan-nihāyah (4:169; 5:464)
►Ibn ‘Asākir, Tārīkh Dimashq al-kabīr (5:167, 168)
► Ibn Athīr, Asad-ul-ghābah (4:103)
► Dhahabī has said in Siyar a‘lām-in-nubalā’ (2:623, 624)